വിവിധതരം കൂണുകൾ 

Nn-¸n-¡q-¬- (Hm-bn-kvä-À- a-jvdqw- / ¹qtdm«-kv kv]o-jn-kv)

-tIc-f-¯nse Im-em-h-kvY-bv¡v A-\ptbmPy-am-b-Xpw- Iq-Sp-X-em-bn- Ir-jn- -sNbvXp- h-cp-¶-Xp-am-b- Iq-¬- C-\-am-Wv Nn-¸n-¡q-¬. ]m-N-Iw- -sN¿m-³- -thhv Ip-d-hp-Å-Xpw- -t{]m«o-³- [m-cm-fw- A-S-§n-b-Xp-am-b- Cu- Iq-¬- A-Xn-sâ hn-]-Wn-bnse kzo-Im-cy-X- -sImïv kw-cw-`-I-À-¡v Gsd {]n-bs¸«-Xm-Wv. C-Xn-Â- BtcmKy-¯n-\p- Kp-W-I-c-am-b- U-b-ä-dn- -ss^_-À-, _o-äm¥q-¡-³-, a-äv \n-c-h-[n- -t]mfn- km-¡ssdUp-I-Ä- F-¶n-h- A-S-§n-bn-«p-ïv. -. -temI-¯v, Ir-jn- -sNbvXp-Xv]m-Zn-¸n-¡p-¶- Iq-Wp-I-fn-Â- aq-¶mw-  kvYm-\-¯p-Å- Iq-¬- B-Wv Nn-¸n-¡q-¬-. C-Xn-sâ D-Xv]m-Z-\-¯n-Â- G-ä-hpw- ap-³-\n-c-bn-ep-Å- -ssN\-, G-ItZiw- H-cp- Z-i-e-£w- S-¬- D-Xv]m-Zn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xnt\m-sSm¸w- -sam¯w- D-Xv]m-Z-\-¯n-sâ 85% hpw- kw-`m-h-\- -sN¿p-¶p-. -sImdn-b-, P-¸m-³-, C-ä-en-, Xm-b-zm-³-, Xm-bve-³-Uv, ^n-en-¸o-³-kv F-¶n-h-bm-Wv Nn-¸n-¡q-¬- D-Xv]m-Zn-¸n-¡p-¶- a-äv cm-Py-§-Ä-. B-`y-´-c- B-h-iyw- Ip-d-hm-b-Xn-\m-Â- C-´y-bn-Â- Cu- hn-f-bpsS Ct¸mgs¯ D-Xv]m-Z-\w- G-ItZiw- 1500 S-¬- am-{X-am-Wv.

¹qtdm«-kv F-¶ Cu- -hn-`m-K-¯n-Â- D-Äs¸«- an-¡- Iq-Wn-\-§-fpw- `£ytbmKy-am-Wv. G-Xm-ïv 40 C-\-§-Ä- D-Å-Xn-Â- G-ItZiw- 11 C-\-§-Ä hym-h-km-bn-I- A-Sn-kvYm-\-¯n-Â- C-¶v Ir-jn- -sNbvXp-h-cp-¶p. \-Ã- -shfp-¯- \n-d-hpw- ar-Zp-X-z-hpw- D-Å- ¹q-tdm«-kv ^vtfmdnU-, Nm-c-\n-d-hpw- \-Ã- kzm-Zp-Å-Xp-am-b- ¹q-tdm«-kv km-P-À-Im-Pp-, ]n-¦v \n-d-ap-Å-Xpw- 10—12 Zn-h-kw sImïv hn-fshSp-¡p-¶-Xp-am-b- ¹q-tdm«-kv Ctbmkv Xp-S-§n-b-h- C-h-bn-Â- -s]Sp-¶-hbm-Wv.

_-«-¬- a-jvdqw -(A-Km-cn-¡-kv ss_kv-t]md-kv)

BtKmf- X-e-¯n-Â- G-ä-hpw- Iq-Sp-X-Â- {]-Nm-c-ap-Å Iq-¬- C-\-am-Wn-Xv. C-Xns\ -t__n- a-jvdqw- F-¶pw- A-dn-bs¸Sp-¶p-. hym-]-I-am-bn- ]n-Ê -tSm¸nw-Kvkv, km-e-Up-I-Ä-, kq-¸p-I-Ä- F-¶n-h-bn-Â- D-]tbmKn-¡p-¶p-. ]-Xn-\m-emw- \q-äm-ïp- ap-X-Ât¡ _-«-¬- a-jvdqw- Ir-jn- -sNbvXp- h-cp-¶p-. hym-h-km-bn-I- X-e-¯n- hm-Wn-Py-]-c-am-bn D-]tbmKn-¨-  B-Zys¯ Iq-Wm-bn-cp-¶p- C-Xv. Xm-]-\n-e- Ip-d-hm-b-Xn-\m-Â- -]m-Ým-Xy- \m-Sp-I-fn-Â- G-ä-hpw- {]-Nm-cap-Å- C-\-am-Wn-Xv. C-´y-bn-Â- Im-em-h-kvYm km-l-N-cy-§-Ä- kzm-`m-hnI-am-bn- tbmPn-¨-X-Ãm-Xm-Ipt¼mÄ-  C-hn-Sps¯ X-Wp-¯- a-etbmc- -taJ-e-I-fntem Asæn-Â- D-¯tc´y-bnse ka-X-e-§-fnse -ssiXy- Im-et¯m am-{Xta C-h- Ir-jn- -sNbvXp- Im-Ws¸Sp-¶p-Åq-. Nq-Sp-Å- {]tZi-§-fn-Â- \n-b{´n-X- ]m-cn-kvYn-Xn-I- km-l-N-cy-§-fn-epw- C-hsb h-f-À-¯nsbSp-¡mw-. ]t£, A-Xn-\p- h-en-b- ap-X-Â-ap-S-¡v B-h-iy-am-bn- h-cp-¶p-. _-«-¬- a-jvdqw- Ir-jn-bpsS hn-P-b- km-[y-X- {]-[m-\-am-bpw- \m-ev L-S-I-§sf B-{i-bn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p-. It¼mkvänw-Kv {]{In-b-, ip-²hpw- D-Â-¸m-Z-\-£-ahp-am-b- Iq-¬- hn-¯v, i-cn-bm-b- ]mcn-kvYnXn-I- kml-N-cy-§-Ä- (Xm-]-\n-e-, Bt]£n-I- B-À-{Z-X, ip-²-hm-bp-), ^m-an-sâ ip-Nn-X-zw F-¶n-h-bm-Wv A-h-. 

]m-Â-¡q-¬- (Itemssk_v C-³-Un-¡-)

]m-Â-¡q-¬- (an-Â-¡n a-jvdqw) I-«n-bp-Å X-ïpw-, amw-kf-am-b-Xpw-, -shfp-¯- -sXm¸nbpw- -sImïv h-fsc B-I-À-j-I-amb- Iq-¬- C-\-am-Wn-Xv-. -sXm¸n-bpw- Xïpw- `-£ytbmKy-am-Wv.  ]-Ýn-a- _w-Km-fnse h-\-§-fn-Â- \n-¶pw- -tiJ-cn-¨p- h-f-À-¯nsbSp-¯- D-jvW- -taJ-em-  C-\-am-b- Cu- Iq-¬- h-f-cm-³- 25  ap-X-Â- 30 Un-{Kn- skÂ-jy-kv  hsc Xm-]-\n-e- B-h-iy-am-Wv. am-{X-a-Ã-, Cu- Iq-Wn-³sd kq-£n-¸p-Im-ew- H-cm-gvN- hsc D-ïm-Ipw- F-¶-Xpw- I-À-j-I-À-¡n-S-bn-Â-  C-hsb {]n-bs¸«-Xm-¡p-¶p-

`-£y--tbmKy-a-Ãm-¯- - Iq-Wp-I-Ä-/ hn-j¡qW-p-I-Ä-

{]-Ir-Xn-bn-Â- Im-Ws¸Sp-¶- Iq-Wp-I-fn-Â- hn-jIq-Wp-I-fpw- [m-cmf-am-bn- I-ïp-h-cp-¶p-. hn-j-¡q-Wp-I-Ä- I-gn-¨p-ïm-Ip-¶- a-c-W-§-Ä- C-´ybn-Â- hnc-fa-msW¦n-epw- Atacn-¡-, Cw-¥-ïv, P-À-½-\n- ap-X-em-b- cm-Py-§fn-Â- h-À-jw- -tXmdpw- A-³-]tXmfw- a-c-W-§-Ä- kw-`-hn-¡p¶-Xm-bn- I-W¡m-¡s¸«n-cn-¡p-¶p-. hn-j-¡qWp-I-fn-Â- G-ä-hpw- am-c-I-am-bh- A-am-\n-ä Po-\-kn-Â- -s]Sp-¶p-. A-am-\n-ä -s^-tÃmbvU-kv , A-am-\n-ä- hntdmkv Xp-S-§n-b-h- C-Xn-Â- DÄs¸Sp-¶p-.C-h-bpsS im-kv{Xo-b-am-b- Nn-e- {]tXyI-X-I-Ä- Xmsg ]-d-bp-¶-h-bm-Wv.

  1. A-am-\n-ä Iq-Wp-I-fpsS kv-t]mdp-I-fpsS ]-Xn-¸p-I-Ä Ft¸mgpw-  XqshÅ- \n-d-¯n-em-bn-cn-¡pw.
  2. ss]en-b-kv I-Sp-¯- \n-d-¯n-Â- h-fsc B-I-À-j-Wo-b-X- D-Å-Xpw- cq- £-K-Ô-ap-Å-h-bp-am-bn-cn-¡pw-.
  3. ss]en-b-kv A-Y-hm- Ip-St]m-sebp-Å- `m-K-¯n-sâ ]p-dta ]-e- \n-d-¯n-epw- h-en-¸-¯n-ep-ap-Å- i-ev¡§-Ä   Im-Wp-¶p-.
  4. -hn-j-¡q-Wp-I-fn-Â- -thmÄh-bpw- h-f-b-hpw- ( B-\p-e-kv ) H-¶n  Xs¶ Im-Wp-¶p.
  5. Np-h-¶- -sXm¸n- -t]m-se -tXm¶p-¯tXm Np-h-¶- X-ïp-Itfm D-Å- Iq-¬- H-gn-hm-¡p-I-.
  6. -shfp-¯- h-f-b-§-Ä- X-ïp-I-fn-Â- Im-Wp-I-bmsW¦n-Â- A-¯-cw- Iq-Wp-I-Ä- H-gn-hm-¡p-I-.
  7. k©n- Asæn-Â- _-Ä-_-kv -t_kv D-Å- Iq-Wp-I-Ä- H-gn-hm-¡p-I-.-

ap-³-I-cp-X-ep-I-Ä- 

  1. `-£ytbmKy-am-b- Iq-Wp-I-Ä- a-®n-Â- \n-¶pw- -tiJ-cn-¡pt¼mÄ- h-fsc sNdn-b- -sam«p-I-Ä- D-]tbmKn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-I-
  2. -thmÄ-h-bpw- h-f-b-hpw- H-¶n-Â- Xs¶ Im-Wp-¶- Iq-Wp-I-Ä- ]-dn-¡mXn-cn-¡p-I-
  3. ap-dn-¡pt¼mÄ- ]m-en-sâ \n-d-¯n-ep-Å- {Zm-h-Iw- Du-dp¶-h-bpw- \o-e-\nd¸IÀ-¨- h-cp-¶- Iq-Wp-I-fpw- D-]tbmKn-¡-cp-Xv
  4. A-[n-Iw- aqs¸¯n- hn-S-À-¶- ]-g-¡w- -sN¶- Iq-Wp-I-Ä- `-£-W-¯n D]tbmKn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-I-. C-h-bn-Â- Io-S-§-fpw- a-äpw- [m-cm-f-am-bn- I-ïp-hcp-¶p
  5. `-£ytbmKy-am-b-h-bmsW¶v D-d-¸p-h-cp-¯n-b-Xn-\ptijw- am-{Xw- D]tbmKn¡p-I-